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Exercise Physiology-

Aerobic and Anaerobic Metabolism - Click here
Assessing Fitness Status and Monitoring Fitness - Click here
Developmental Problems in the Young Horse - Click here
Effects of Training on the Cardiovascular System - Click here
Effects of Training on the Musculoskeletal System - Click here
Effects of Training on the Respiratory System - Click here
Temperature Regulation and Osmoregulation - Click here
Gait Analysis - Click here
Poor or Loss of Performance and Performance Regulation - Click here
Selection of Horses for Sport - Click here
Training Programme Design- Click here
Reference Lists - Click here

Aerobic and Anaerobic Metabolism
Training and Fitness in Athletic Horses -
This fully referenced 70 page book which has been written and made accessible on the web by the University of Sydney contains chapters such as: · Overview of Equine Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry · Exercise Training of Horses · Fitness Tests for Horses
Energetics -
Intended as lecture notes for students at California State Polytechnic University, this document explains in scientific detail the principles of energetics and metabolism.
Oxidative Stress -
A description of oxidative stress and methods of prevention from Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University.
Energy and the Performance Horse -
Detailed, scientific information article written by Joe Pagan and published on The Equine Journal website.
Carbohydrate Metabolism in Horses -
Fully referenced chapter from IVIS on CHO metabolism in Horses. Focuses on all aspects of CHO metabolism including digestion, carbohydrate absorption and oxidation, carbohydrate and exercise, glucose regulation, disorders associated with carbohydrate metabolism and more.
Training and Fitness in Athletic Horses -
This fully referenced 70 page book which has been written and made accessible on the web by the University of Sydney contains chapters such as: · Overview of Equine Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry · Exercise Training of Horses · Fitness Tests for Horses
Assessing Fitness Status and Monitoring Fitness
An Introduction to Equine Exercise Physiology and Heart Rate Monitors -
Summary article from Tania Churchill on the use of heart rate monitors and ATP production.
Investigation of the Accuracy of a New Heart Rate Meter for use in Exercising Horses -
Well illustrated, detailed and referenced account of a trial carried out by the University of Sydney on the accuracy of the heart rate monitor for use in exercising horses.
Fitness Assessment -
Referenced factsheet from the Animal Health Trust on different methods of assessing fitness in the horse. In particular, covers 'Treadmill Based Exercise Testing', 'Resting Measurements or Tests' and 'Field Based Exercise Testing'.
Heart Rate Monitors -
Animal Health Trust guide to using heart rate monitors.
Training and Fitness in Athletic Horses -
This fully referenced 70 page book which has been written and made accessible on the web by the University of Sydney contains chapters such as: · Overview of Equine Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry · Exercise Training of Horses Fitness Tests for Horses
Developmental Problems in the Young Horse
Managing to Prevent Equine Developmental Orthopaedic Diseases -
Well illustrated study guide from the University of Nebraska. Covers topics such as: 'Normal Bone Development', 'Developmental Orthopedic Disease', 'Contributing Factors' and 'Tips to Aid Prevention of Developmental Orthopedic Disease'.
Developmental Orthopaedic Disease -
Magazine-type article from Northern Virginia Equine.
Developmental Orthopaedic Disease in Thoroughbreds -
Useful 'Short Report' from the RIDC on DOD with an extensive list of further reading at the end.
The Horse.com -
Invaluable website providing professionally written articles on veterinary topics and most aspects of horse care. Requires registration but is free to use. An essential resource for all equine students.
Feeding Young Horses for Sound Development -
Referenced, detailed and illustrated guide to feeding young horses for sound development from Texas A & M University. Includes chapters on the 'Use of Specific Feedstuffs and Potential Problems', 'Creep Feeding Foals', 'Feeding Weanlings', 'Feeding Yearlings', 'Levels of Feeding', 'Exercise', 'Anabolic Steroids' and 'Blood and Hair Analysis'.
Developmental Orthopaedic Diseases of Growing Horses -
Straightforward article from the Australian Veterinary Association on DODs of Growing Horses. Covers topics such as 'Types of DOD', 'Mineral Deficiencies', 'Mineral Excess', 'Overfeeding', 'Genetics', 'Environment' and 'Biomechanics'.
Osteochondrosis in Horses -
Illustrated factsheet from the Biological Sciences Initiative on Osteochondrosis in Horses.
Angular Limb Deformities in Foals -
Illustrated factsheet from the Biological Sciences Initiative on Angular Limb Deformities in Foals.
The Incidence of Developmental Orthopaedic Disease on a Kentucky Thoroughbred Farm -
Referenced research paper from Joe Pagan of Kentucky Equine Research.
Developmental Orthopaedic Disease -
Well illustrated factsheet-style article from Colorado State University.
Effects of Training on the Cardiovascular System
Iron Status of Thoroughbred Horses in Race Training -
Interesting report taken from Equine Veterinary Data, Vol. 13, No. 12, 1992 and published on the Redwings website.
Cardiovascular System -
Illustrated lecture notes from the University of California Polytechnic University.
Physical Conditioning of the Equine -
This useful document produced by Oklahoma State University provides definitions of many essential terminological phrases and words regarding exercise physiology. The components of a training programme are also detailed.
Training and Fitness in Athletic Horses -
This fully referenced 70 page book which has been written and made accessible on the web by the University of Sydney contains chapters such as: · Overview of Equine Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry · Exercise Training of Horses · Fitness Tests for Horses
Effects of Training on the Musculoskeletal System
Muscles -
Illustrated lecture notes from the University of California Polytechnic University.
Skeletal Muscle Function and Metabolism -
Referenced scientific paper from Kentucky Equine Research.
Training and Fitness in Athletic Horses -
This fully referenced 70 page book which has been written and made accessible on the web by the University of Sydney contains chapters such as: · Overview of Equine Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry · Exercise Training of Horses Fitness Tests for Horses
Equine locomotory muscles: postnatal development and the influence of exercise -
Online book in deep scientific detail from the Universiteit Utrecht in the Netherlands.
Physical Conditioning of the Equine -
This useful document produced by Oklahoma State University provides definitions of many essential terminological phrases and words regarding exercise physiology. The components of a training programme are also detailed.
Preparation and Conditioning -
This article explains aspects of the preparation and conditioning for competition as well as the systems involved and how they are stressed.
Effect of growth and training on muscle adaptation in thoroughbred horses -
Referenced abstract of an interesting scientific paper.
Effects of Training on the Respiratory System
The Respiratory Challenges of Equine Performance -
Redwings information article on how equine performance can be inhibited by respiratory challenges.
Iron Status of Thoroughbred Horses in Race Training -
Interesting report taken from Equine Veterinary Data, Vol. 13, No. 12, 1992 and published on the Redwings website.
Respiratory System -
Illustrated lecture notes from the University of California Polytechnic University.
Training and Fitness in Athletic Horses -
This fully referenced 70 page book which has been written and made accessible on the web by the University of Sydney contains chapters such as: · Overview of Equine Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry · Exercise Training of Horses Fitness Tests for Horses
Physical Conditioning of the Equine -
This useful document produced by Oklahoma State University provides definitions of many essential terminological phrases and words regarding exercise physiology. The components of a training programme are also detailed.
Preparation and Conditioning -
This article explains aspects of the preparation and conditioning for competition as well as the systems involved and how they are stressed.
Temperature Regulation and Osmoregulation
Temperature Regulation/Osmoregulation -
Physical Conditioning of the Equine -
This useful document produced by Oklahoma State University provides definitions of many essential terminological phrases and words regarding exercise physiology. The components of a training programme are also detailed.
Preparation and Conditioning -
This article explains aspects of the preparation and conditioning for competition as well as the systems involved and how they are stressed.
Training and Fitness in Athletic Horses -
This fully referenced 70 page book which has been written and made accessible on the web by the University of Sydney contains chapters such as: · Overview of Equine Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry · Exercise Training of Horses · Fitness Tests for Horses
Gait Analysis
Measurement Techniques for Gait Analysis -
Detailing the majority of aspects of gait analysis, this chapter is definitely worth a read. It is fully referenced and contains many clear diagrams and graphics.
Asymmetry -
Easy to follow, this magazine-style article highlights how asymmetry affects your horse and your riding, and how to identify it.
Biomechanical Riding and Dressage: A Rider's Atlas -
This atlas is intended to help riders visualize how their horses work in response to their efforts. It consists of fantastic written and illustrated descriptions of the movement of the horse.
The Horse.com -
Invaluable website providing professionally written articles on veterinary topics and most aspects of horse care. Requires registration but is free to use. An essential resource for all equine students.
The Biomechanics of Skipping Gaits: A Third Locomotion Paradigm? -
Research Paper from Manchester Metropolitan University.
Biomechanics of Movement -
PowerPoint style lecture notes from the University of Kentucky on the Biomechanics of Movement
Problems caused in the horse by subluxations (skeletal dislocations) in the equine systems -
Equine Gait Analysis -
Information document from the University of Missouri
Gaits -
An introduction to equine gaits from Texas University. Click on the 'Gaits Menu' on the 'Introduction' page for further information on gaits and their analysis.
Automated, Computerised Gait Analysis -
This article from Texas University briefly discusses the use of automated, computerised gait analysis.
Equine Gait Analysis and Visualisation Methods -
From the University of Missouri, this powerpoint presentation may take a little time to download but it gives a concise overview of how computerised gait analysis is achieved.
Poor or Loss of Performance and Performance Evaluation
The Horse.com -
Invaluable website providing professionally written articles on veterinary topics and most aspects of horse care. Requires registration but is free to use. An essential resource for all equine students.
Relationship Between Slope of the Plasma Lactate Accumulation Curve and Working Capacity in Andalusian Horses -
Scientific journal paper.
Common Causes of Poor Performance in a Horse -
From TUFTS School of Veterinary Medicine, this well illustrated study aid provides information on Common causes of poor performance are usually categorized by the body system they affect: · The musculoskeletal system (bones, joints, and muscle) · The respiratory system (nose, upper airways, trachea, lungs) · The cardiovascular system (heart, blood vessels, blood) · The nervous system (brain, spinal cord, nerves) The gastrointestinal system (stomach, intestines).
Treating Subtle Causes of Poor Performance -
Helpful tips from 'The Horse Report' produced by the University of California Davis on treating subtle causes of poor performance.
Causes of Poor Athletic Performance -
This summary from Provet lists the causes of poor athletic performance.
Performance Profiling of the Standard bred Athlete -
This Powerpoint style presentation provides information on the reasons and methods behind equine performance profiling and how it can help with talent identification and training methods.
Selection of Horses for Sport
Selecting Your Riding Horse -
Invaluable website providing professionally written articles on veterinary topics and most aspects of horse care. Requires registration but is free to use. An essential resource for all equine students.
The Horse.com -
Invaluable website providing professionally written articles on veterinary topics and most aspects of horse care. Requires registration but is free to use. An essential resource for all equine students.
Selecting Your Riding Horse -
How to select the right horse for the discipline you take part in from the University of Missouri.
Training Programme Design
Physical Conditioning of the Equine: Part 1 -
This useful document produced by Oklahoma State University provides definitions of many essential terminological phrases and words regarding exercise physiology. The components of a training programme are also detailed.
Physical Conditioning of the Equine: Part 2 -
A sequel to the above from Oklahoma State University, this document outlines specific event training programmes, i.e. how to train a horse for a chosen discipline.
Endurance Riding: Applying the Science -
Factsheet from the Animal Health Trust, Newmarket which covers the scientific aspects of endurance riding. Includes topics such as: 'The Heart and the Cardiovascular System', 'Fluids and Electrolytes', 'Respiratory Disease and the Endurance Horse'.
Types of Training Programmes -
From Texas A & M University, this article describes different types of training programmes and when they are used.
Developing a Training Programme -
Step by step guide to developing an equine training programme from Texas A & M University.
Training and Fitness in Athletic Horses -
This fully referenced 70 page book which has been written and made accessible on the web by the University of Sydney contains chapters such as: · Overview of Equine Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry · Exercise Training of Horses Fitness Tests for Horses
Reference Lists
Exercise Physiology Lab -
List of publications from the Exercise Physiology Lab at the Ohio State University.