Laminitis results from a breakdown of the interlocking laminae within the hoof that supports the pedal bone. If sufficient bonds are destroyed, this bone is likely to rotate and sink resulting in severe pain and lameness. If caught quickly (target 24 hours), then treatment can be very effective. The longer the delay before treatment is received, the greater the potential long term effects. This is the first problem; depending upon the causative trigger leading to a laminitic event – it could be up to 24 or even 48 hours before the classic symptoms of posture and gait are observable. These being forelegs well out, hindlegs under, reluctance to move or stand, rocking, laminitic rings on feet, etc. Prior symptoms of distress, increased pulse and respiration always suggest pain, but by trying to localise this to the feet can the early stages be caught. At this stage, the feet will usually feel hot and the blood vessels at fetlock level will be felt pounding.

The initiating causes can be various, but the most common involves grain overload (hydrolysable starch) releasing excessive carbohydrates, and intake from new / lush grass growth (sugars / fructans). Spring grass can be a prime trigger but even following sharp frost, photosynthesis reactions within pasture can be similarly causal. However, amongst other well-known triggers are placenta retention in a mare who has recently foaled, stress, colic, excessive weight bearing, plant toxins, Corticosteroids, Cushings syndrome, insulin resistance, general toxaemia and a hereditary propensity (un proven). It should be remembered that Laminitis is an end result of a systemic condition.

Within these more common causes, the fermentation within the gut of carbohydrate overload results in an excess of Lactic acid (and other toxins) producing endotoxins that assist in unbalancing the chemistry of the laminar matrix leading to separation. Endotoxins on their own have not been shown to lead to Laminitis.

Divergent hypotheses of vasoconstriction and vasodilation (amongst others) serve well to potentially mislead the treating Vet as to the best course of treatment and continuing research into other trigger factors continues. Future improvements in treatment are most likely as continuing influencing factors are found.

Prevention or at least minimising potential triggers is obviously most important to the owner and winter diets of low starch / carbohydrate should be followed, along with standard regimes of regular exercise and keeping the feet in good condition. Do not make sudden diet changes nor restrict turnout to fresh spring pasture. Supplements are also useful to ‘pre-condition’ the horse, especially if not in top health but do not be lulled into a false sense of security by so using. Similarly, follow manufacturer’s recommendations, more is not necessarily better. Do not mix ‘n’ match.

Each animal is different in its requirements and should yours suffer from a particular condition then a vet should be consulted as to the appropriateness of any supplement.

Notwithstanding, look for a comprehensive and balanced vitamin, mineral and amino acid supplement. For minerals, Bioavailable Sulphur (usually MSM), Zinc and clays are of significant benefit and to a lesser degree Magnesium, Selenium and Iodine (unless e.g. thyroid problems dictate a bias) - preferably chelated as these tend to be more readily bioavailable. Unfortunately, Chromium is no longer admissible in supplements.

For amino acids, a comprehensive package is preferable (not necessarily all 23), but adequate Methionine is almost paramount. Lysine, Glutamine and Cysteine amongst others can also be complementary.

Of the vitamins, C and E are useful as antioxidants. Biotin is sometimes added for hoof building. Vitamin A, D and K will justifiably often be incorporated into a general health supplement but of limited direct value for a Laminitis supplement.

Other additives may include Fructo oligosaccharides, Omega oils, yeasts, blue-green algae and a number of specific plant extracts. These can be useful in combination with the main ingredients but predominantly superficial in isolation.

Should you suspect that your horse could be suffering from this condition, then a vet should be consulted immediately. Restrict rations and salt (higher blood pressure), but do not starve. If it is not acute, then gentle exercise as advised by your vet will assist the circulation and help flush out any toxins. Don’t be concerned if the animal lies down, consider frog support. Any observed exudation from the coronet is good as it gets rid of the toxins, just keep it clean. Limit to strictly necessary the amount of pain killers as this may encourage the horse to prematurely exercise and do further damage.

This feature is not designed to replace veterinary advice and any slight concerns over your horses’ well being should always entail seeing a vet.

Net-Tex Healthy Laminae - Advanced nutritional support for Laminitics is available nationwide.